Artery Research
Volume 3, Issue 2 , Pages 44-48 , June 2009

Thirty-five years of clinical works on arterial stiffness and wave reflections in hypertension

  • Michel E. Safar

      Affiliations

    • Corresponding Author InformationDiagnosis Center, Hôpital Hôtel-Dieu, 1, place du Parvis Notre-Dame, 75181 Paris Cedex 04, France. Tel.: +33 1 42 34 80 25; fax: +33 1 42 34 86 32.

References 

  1. London GM, Safar ME, Weiss YA, Corvol PL, Lehner JP, Menard JM, et al. Volume-dependent parameters in essential hypertension. Kidney Int. 1977;11:204–208
  2. Weiss YA, Safar ME, London GM, Simon AC, Levenson JA, Milliez PM. Repeat hemodynamic determinations in borderline hypertension. Am J Med. 1978;64:382–387
  3. Chau NP, Coleman TG, London GM, Safar ME. Meaning of the cardiac output–blood volume relationship in essential hypertension. Am J Physiol. 1982;243:R318–R328
  4. Chau NP, Safar ME, London GM, Weiss YA. Essential hypertension: an approach to clinical data by the use of models. Hypertension. 1979;1:86–97
  5. Safar ME, Plante GE, London GM. Vascular compliance and blood volume in essential hypertension. In: Laragh JH, Brenner BM, editors. Hypertension: pathophysiology, diagnosis and management, 2nd ed. New York: Raven Press; 1995. p. 377–85.
  6. Safar ME, Levy BI, Struijker-Boudier H. Current perspectives on arterial stiffness and pulse pressure in hypertension and cardiovascular diseases. Circulation. 2003;107:2864–2869
  7. Benetos A, Laurent S, Hoeks AP, Boutouyrie PH, Safar ME. Arterial alterations with aging and high blood pressure. A noninvasive study of carotid and femoral arteries. Arterioscler Thromb. 1993;13:90–97
  8. Safar ME, Peronneau PA, Levenson JA, Toto-Moukouo JA, Simon AC. Pulsed Doppler: diameter, blood flow velocity and volumic flow of the brachial artery in sustained essential hypertension. Circulation. 1981;63:393–400
  9. Safar ME, Girerd X, Laurent S. Structural changes of large conduit arteries in hypertension. J Hypertens. 1996;14:545–555
  10. Safar ME, London GM. The arterial system in human hypertension. In:  Swales JD editors. Textbook of hypertension. Oxford: Blackwell; 1994;p. 85–102
  11. Levy BI, Benessiano J, Poitevin P, Safar ME. Endothelium-dependent mechanical properties of the carotid artery in WKY and SHR. Role of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition. Circ Res. 1990;66:321–328
  12. Lichtenstein O, Safar ME, Mathieu E, Poitevin P, Levy BI. Static and dynamic mechanical properties of the carotid artery from normotensive and hypertensive rats. Hypertension. 1998;32:346–350
  13. Laurent S, Caviezel B, Beck L, Girerd X, Billaud E, Boutouyrie P, et al. Carotid artery distensibility and distending pressure in hypertensive humans. Hypertension. 1994;23:878–883
  14. Dzau VJ, Safar ME. Large conduit arteries in hypertension: role of the vascular renin–angiotensin system. Circulation. 1988;77:947–954
  15. Safar ME, Thomas F, Blacher J, Nzietchueng R, Bureau JM, Pannier B, et al. Metabolic syndrome and age-related progression of aortic stiffness. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2006;47:72–75
  16. London GM, Guerin AP, Pannier B, Marchais SJ, Safar ME. Large artery structure and function in hypertension and end-stage renal disease. J Hypertens. 1998;16:1931–1938
  17. Blacher J, Guerin AP, Pannier B, Marchais SJ, Safar ME, London GM. Impact of aortic stiffness on survival in end-stage renal disease. Circulation. 1999;99:2434–2439
  18. Guerin AP, Blacher J, Pannier B, Marchais SJ, Safar ME, London GM. Impact of aortic stiffness attenuation on survival of patients in end-stage renal failure. Circulation. 2001;103:987–992
  19. Darne B, Girerd X, Safar M, Cambien F, Guize L. Pulsatile versus steady component of blood pressure: a cross-sectional analysis and a prospective analysis on cardiovascular mortality. Hypertension. 1989;13:392–400
  20. Safar ME. Systolic blood pressure, pulse pressure and arterial stiffness as cardiovascular risk factors. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens. 2001;10:257–261
  21. Blacher J, Staessen JA, Girerd X, Gasowski J, Thijs L, Liu L, et al. Pulse pressure not mean pressure determines cardiovascular risk in older hypertensive patients. Arch Intern Med. 2000;160:1085–1089
  22. Benetos A, Zureik M, Morcet J, Thomas F, Bean K, Safar M, et al. A decrease in diastolic blood pressure combined with an increase in systolic blood pressure is associated with a higher cardiovascular mortality in men. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2000;35:673–680
  23. Safar ME, O'Rourke ME. Arterial stiffness in hypertension. Handbook of hypertension. Elsevier; 2006;p. 3–62, 75–136, 459–501
  24. Benetos A, Safar M, Rudnichi A, Smulyan H, Richard JL, Ducimetieere P, et al. Pulse pressure: a predictor of long-term cardiovascular mortality in a French male population. Hypertension. 1997;30:1410–1415
  25. Benetos A, Rudnichi A, Safar M, Guize L. Pulse pressure and cardiovascular mortality in normotensive and hypertensive subjects. Hypertension. 1998;32:560–564
  26. Blacher J, Asmar R, Djane S, London GM, Safar ME. Aortic pulse wave velocity as a marker of cardiovascular risk in hypertensive patients. Hypertension. 1999;33:1111–1117
  27. Meaume S, Benetos A, Henry OF, Rudnichi A, Safar ME. Aortic pulse wave velocity predicts cardiovascular mortality in subjects >70 years of age. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2001;21:2046–2050
  28. Laurent S, Boutouyrie P, Asmar R, Gautier I, Laloux B, Guize L, et al. Aortic stiffness is an independent predictor of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in hypertensive patients. Hypertension. 2001;37:1236–1241
  29. Safar ME, Blacher J, Pannier B, Guerin AP, Marchais SJ, Guyonvarc'h PM, et al. Central pulse pressure and mortality in end-stage renal disease. Hypertension. 2002;39:735–738
  30. Agabiti-Rosei E, Mancia G, O'Rourke MF, Roman MJ, Safar ME, Smulyan H, et al. Central blood pressure measurements and antihypertensive therapy: a consensus document. Hypertension. 2007;50:154–160
  31. Van Bortel LM, Struijker-Boudier HA, Safar ME. Pulse pressure, arterial stiffness, and drug treatment of hypertension. Hypertension. 2001;38:914–921
  32. Albaladejo P, Bouaziz H, Duriez M, Gohlke P, Levy BI, Safar ME, et al. Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition prevents the increase in aortic collagen in rats. Hypertension. 1994;23:74–82
  33. Safar ME, Thuilliez C, Richard V, Benetos A. Pressure-independent contribution of sodium to large artery structure and function in hypertension. Cardiovasc Res. 2000;46:269–276
  34. Lacolley P, Labat C, Pujol A, Delcayre C, Benetos A, Safar M. Increased carotid wall elastic modulus and fibronectin in aldosterone–salt-treated rats: effects of eplerenone. Circulation. 2002;106:2848–2853
  35. Safar ME, Simon AC, Levenson JA, Cazor JL. Hemodynamic effects of diltiazem in hypertension. Circ Res. 1983;52:I169–I173
  36. Asmar RG, Pannier B, Santoni JP, Laurent S, London GM, Levy BI, et al. Reversion of cardiac hypertrophy and reduced arterial compliance after converting enzyme inhibition in essential hypertension. Circulation. 1988;78:941–950
  37. London GM, Asmar RG, O'Rourke MF, Safar ME on behalf of the REASON project. Mechanism(s) of selective systolic blood pressure reduction after a low-dose combination of perindopril/indapamide in hypertensive subjects: comparison with atenolol. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2004;43:92–99
  38. Safar ME, Protogerou AD, Blacher J. Statins, central blood pressure, and blood pressure amplification. Circulation. 2009;119:9–12
  39. Safar ME, Frohlich ED. Atherosclerosis, large arteries and cardiovascular risk. In:  Bore JS editors. Advances in cardiology. Basel: Karger; 2007;p. 1–18117–24

PII: S1872-9312(09)00033-7

doi: 10.1016/j.artres.2009.05.002

Artery Research
Volume 3, Issue 2 , Pages 44-48 , June 2009

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